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The names of Jesus Christ in the Old and New Testaments Part-8

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Son of Man (Matt 20:28)

            Christ is referred to as both the Son of Man and the Son of God. Christ referred to himself as the “Son of Man” more than he used the title “the Son of God.”

            He is the Son of God in two ways, first he was the firstborn spirit of Heavenly Father and Heavenly Mother in our pre-earth existence, and second, he is the physical offspring of God the Father in the flesh, being born of a mortal mother and an immortal Father.

            He is the Son of Man in two ways. First it refers to the fact that he was a human being. Daniel refers to his humanity as a very exalted figure, a king with dominion and power (Daniel 7:13-14). In Luke he refers to himself with that title (Luke 9:22; 21:36). Second, it meant the Son of Man of Holiness. In the LDS Guide to the scriptures “Son of Man,” it states that “It meant the Son of the Man of Holiness. Man of Holiness is one of the names of God the Father. When Jesus called Himself the Son of Man, it was an open declaration of His divine relationship with the Father. This title is found frequently in the Gospels. Latter-day revelation confirms the special meaning and sacredness of this name of the Savior (D&C 45:39; 49:6, 22; 58:65; Moses 6:57).”

Teacher (John 3:2)

            The Savior taught the truths of the gospel. He emphasized the first principles and ordinances—faith, repentance, baptism, and receiving the Holy Ghost. He taught us to love and serve one another. He taught of priesthood, covenants, and ordinances, and of all we must know, do, and be to come unto Him.

            He explained things in a simple, clear way. He spoke about birds and flowers and other ordinary things to help people understand God.

            Examples of the Savior teaching: He went about all Galilee, teaching in their synagogues (Matt 4:23); He opened his mouth and taught them (Matt. 5:2); For he taught them as one having authority (Matt. 7:29); He began to teach them many things (Mark 6:34); And he taught in their synagogues (Luke 4:15); He sat down and taught the people out of the ship (Luke 5:3); We know that thou art a teacher come from God (John 3:2); Jesus went up into the temple, and taught (John 7:14); He sat down, and taught them (John 8:2); He expounded all things to his disciples (Mark 4:34); he opened to us the scriptures (Luke 24:32); the people were astonished at his doctrine (Matt. 7:28); He taught them many things by parables (Mark 4:2); My doctrine is not mine, but his that sent me (John 7:16)

The Almighty (Rev. 1:8)

            The term “almighty” refers to one who is the singular, all powerful-one; thus Christ is the single, most powerful God of all Gods, the creator of heaven and earth (John 1:3) and everything in them that dwells. The term almighty also means omnipotent, that is capable of doing anything. whatsoever. “Almight God” would be a holy, divine, sacred individual wo has absolute power.

            El Shaddai (Hebrew: אֵל שַׁדַּי, ʾēl šaday; IPA: [el ʃaˈdaj]) or just Shaddai is one of the names of the God of Israel. El Shaddai is conventionally translated into English as God Almighty (Deus Omnipotens in Latin). It’s one of the most common terms in the Bible for God.  “The Almighty” conveys the idea God is an all-powerful being, able to control everything in the universe at all times.

The Amen (Rev. 3:14)

            Amen means “so be it,” when used at the end of an utterance, a hymn or a prayer. The basic meaning of the Semitic root from which it is derived is “firm,” “fixed,” or “sure,” and the related Hebrew verb also means “to be reliable” and “to be trusted.” 

            Christ in his role of God can be seen as firm, fixed, sure, reliable and to be trusted. John refers to Christ as the “Amen, the faithful and true witness, the beginning of the creation of God,” which means we can completely and surely place our confidence, faith and trust in Christ to lead us back to the Kingdom of God/Heaven (Matt. 3:2; 4:17; 5:3; 6:10; and Mark 14:25)

The Beloved (Eph. 1:6)

            A beloved person is one is dearly loved.

            God the Father refers to his Son as “his beloved” on several occasions — at Christ’s baptism, “my beloved son,” (Matt. 3:17); at the Mount of Transfiguration, “my beloved son,” (Matt 17:5); at the appearance to Joseph Smith, “This is My Beloved Son. Hear Him!” (Joseph Smith — History 1:17)

            Christ offers us some insight as to how he is beloved of his Father when he says, “For this reason the Father loves me, because I lay down my life that I may take it up again” (John 10:17). Paul refers to Christ as one who God has blessed us with “[God’s] glorious grace, with which he has blessed us in the Beloved” (Eph. 1:6).

            The term “beloved” is also applied to members of the community of Jehovah/Christ as in Nehemiah 13:26 (loved by God), Deut. 33:12 (the beloved of the Lord), and even wayward Israel Jer. 11:15 (my beloved), 1 Thess. 1:4 (brothers and sisters loved by God).

The Creator (John 1:3, 16; D&C 93:21)

            There are three personages before the organization of the earth; these personages are called God the first, the Creator; God the second, the Redeemer; and God the third, the witness or Testator (Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith, p 190).

            Christ, acting under the direction of Elohim, the Father, created all things. “And by the word of my power, have I created them, which is mine Only Begotten Son, who is full of grace and truth. And worlds without number have I created; and I also created them for mine own purpose; and by the Son I created them, which is mine Only Begotten” (Moses 1:31–33). “The worlds were made by him (Christ); men were made by him; all things were made by him, and through him” (D&C 93:8–10).

            In that creation, he brought life to the planet and to the universe. On the first day – light; on the second day – the sky; on the third day – dry lands, seas, plants and trees; on the fourth day – the sun, moon, and stars; on the fifth day – creatures that live in the sea and creatures that fly; on the sixth day – animals, and finally man (who was created in God’s image).

            This creation was an act of organization rather than a creation out of nothing as many mistakenly believe. “Now, the word create came from the word baurau which does not mean to create out of nothing; it means to organize; the same as a man would organize materials and build a ship. Hence, we infer that God had materials to organize the world out of chaos—chaotic matter, which is element, and in which dwells all the glory. Element had an existence from the time he had. The pure principles of element are principles which can never be destroyed; they may be organized and re-organized, but not destroyed. They had no beginning, and can have no end” (Joseph Smith, Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith, 350–52).

            The creation of the earth was a two-fold process, first spiritually and second, physically. “This earth was created first spiritually. It was a spirit earth. Nothing then lived on its face, nor was it designed that anything should. Then came the physical creation, the paradisiacal creation, the creation of the earth in the Edenic day and before the fall of man. …Man and all forms of life existed as spirit beings and entities before the foundations of this earth were laid. There were spirit men and spirit beasts, spirit fowls and spirit fishes, spirit plants and spirit trees. Every creeping thing, every herb and shrub, every amoeba and tadpole, every elephant and dinosaur—all things—existed as spirits, as spirit beings, before they were placed naturally upon the earth” (Bruce R. McConkie, The Millennial Messiah, 642–43).

            Christ not only created/organized the heavens and the earth, his spirit is omnipresent throughout the universe.  The light of Christ ” lighteth every man that cometh into the world” (John 1:9, D&C 84:46-47, Mormon 7:16, 18). This refers to the innate ability to distinguish good from evil which we commonly call conscience. This “light” proceeds forth from God through Christ and testifies of the divinity of Jesus Christ and influences people for good and prepares them to receive the Holy Ghost. It is also referred to as the spirit of the Lord, spirit of God, the breath of life, etc.

The names of Jesus Christ in the Old and New Testaments Part-7

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Rose of Sharon (Song of Solomon 2:1)

            There is no reference in the New Testament alluding to Christ as the “Rose of Sharon” but many have symbolically used the phrase to describe Christ because of his beauty (soul) and lowliness (humility).

            The Rose-of-Sharon is a deciduous, upright, occasionally spreading shrub or small tree with multiple trunks. The branches grow upright and wlll not droop except when in flower. It is actually not a “rose” but is of the hibiscus family. It’s flowers are rose (colored), or lavender or white.

            Sharon is a Mediterranean coastal city between Joppa and Caesarea and was a place of great fertility of soil. The term, “Sharon” is a reference to beauty, delicacy and lowliness, all of which describe the Savior.

Savior (John 4:42)

            A “savior” is a person who rescues or keeps one safe from harm or danger; also with the idea of keeping or storing something up for future use; while a “redeemer” is one who redeems or gains something in exchange for payment. Redeemer also has the meaning of one who compensates for the faults or bad aspects of something or someone.

            In Christianity, Savior and Redeemer are synonymous. They refer to the Saving/Redeeming act by Jesus Christ of His atonement where, through his exhaustive suffering,  he brought about a universal resurrection to all mankind (Isaiah 49:26, 1 Nephi 10:5) and conditional exaltation to the faithful. He voluntarily offered himself as a sacrifice for the sins of the world (John 1:29, 3 Nephi 27:13-14). His atonement was voluntary in the pre-earth existence (Abraham 3:24-27), and foretold by prophets prior to his birth (Hel. 5:9). He concluded his sacrifice successfully (D&C 19:16-19)

Servant (Matt. 12:18)

            In the thinking of most people today, the servant is a lesser position than the master. Most want to be the master, but few choose the path of service, especially quiet service that avoids the fanfare of accomplishments.

            Christ taught a principle that is contrary to most people’s thinking — “whosoever will be great among you, let him be your minister; And whosoever will be chief among you, let him be your servant: Even as the Son of man came not to be ministered unto, but to minister, ” (Matt. 20:26-28)

            Christ described himself as a servant: “For even the Son of man came not to be ministered unto, but to minister, and to give his life a ransom for many.” (Mark 10:45); “For whether is greater, he that sitteth at meat, or he that serveth? is not he that sitteth at meat? but I am among you as he that serveth.” (Luke 22:27)

            What is a servant like? Christ teaches that a real servant/leader is actually a servant who – does not seek service for themselves but aims to serve others; -does not propose to do his own will; and does not promote himself.

            What type of service did Christ perform? He served the poor, the ignorant, the sinner, and the despised. He fed crowds of hungry people who came to hear Him, healed the sick, and raised the dead. His service included washing his disciples’ feet (John 13:14-17) and providing sufficient wine for those attending a wedding (John 2:1-11).

            His counsel to his followers is to “bear one another’s burdens, that they may be light,” to “mourn with those that mourn,” and to “comfort those that stand in need of comfort” (Mosiah 18:8–9).

            To the righteous He taught: “Come, ye blessed of my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world: For I was an hungred, and ye gave me meat: I was thirsty, and ye gave me drink: I was a stranger, and ye took me in: naked, and ye clothed me: I was sick, and ye visited me: I was in prison, and ye came unto me” (Matthew 25:34–36).

The righteous, who are puzzled by this declaration, ask: “Lord, when saw we thee an hungred, and fed thee? or thirsty, and gave thee drink? When saw we thee a stranger, and took thee in? or naked, and clothed thee? Or when saw we thee sick, or in prison, and came unto thee?” (Matthew 25:37–39). Then the Lord answers, “Inasmuch as ye have done it unto one of the least of these my brethren, ye have done it unto me” (Matthew 25:40).

Shepherd and Bishop of Souls (1 Peter 2:25)

            A shepherd owns the flock. He is not a hireling who flees in times of danger. He guides, protects and heals his sheep (Psalm 23:1) both physically and spiritually. Christ speaks to his flock with love, compassion and sympathy.

            A bishop is described by Paul an office in Christ’s church. The bishop is a person who desired a good work, and is vigilant, sober, has good behavior, is given to hospitality, and apt to teach ((1 Tim. 3:1-2).

            Paul describes the members of the church as “sheep going astray” but who then returned to Christ (through batism) who is their Shepherd and Bishop (1 Peter 2:25). When our “chief Shepherd appears, you will receive the unfading crown of glory.” (1 Peter 5:4)

Shiloh (Genesis 49:10)

            Shiloh means ‘He to Whom it Belongs,’ and heavenly peace, and represents a messiah (Gen. 49:10). Shiloh was the central sanctuary of the Israelites during the pre-monarchic period (1,000 BCE), before the First Temple in Jerusalem was built (started by David, finished by Solomon). After the Israelite conquest of Canaan (Joshua, around 1300 BCE), the Tabernacle was moved to Shiloh (town in Ephraim on the north side of Bethel), and remained there during the period of the biblical judges (approximately 180 years, 1200 BCE to 1020 BCE).

            Shiloh represents the Messiah as Genesis 49:10 says “Until Shiloh comes or Until the Messiah comes;” He would be given the “Scepter” that is the authority as King. Jesus was a descendant of King David, from the Tribe of Judah.

            The word “Shiloh” is used 31 times in the Old Testament but is not mentioned specifically in the New Testament.

Son of God (Matthew 26:63)

            Christ is the Son of God in four ways:

1. He is the firstborn of God in the spirit (D&C 93:21)

2. He is the only child of God in the flesh (see JST, John 1:1, 13–14; 1 Nephi 11:14–22; Jacob 4:5, 11; Alma 5:48; D&C 20:21; 76:22–24)

3. He the only individual who perfectly mirrors his father in beauty, faithfulness and perfection. (3 Nephi 11:11, D&C 93:16)

4. Through self-sacrifice, he came from being less than God (John 14:28, Mark 10:18, D&C 93:12, 14) to the point of receiving the fulness of the Father (D&C 93:13) and inheriting all that the Father has. Christ has promised the saints that if they would keep his commandments, they too would receive of the fulness of the Father (D&C 93:20)

The names of Jesus Christ in the Old and New Testaments Part-6

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Only Begotten Son (John 3:16)

            Jesus was the only person to be born of a mortal mother, Mary, and an immortal father, God the Father. That is why Jesus is called the Only Begotten Son of God. From His Father, He inherited divine powers (see John 10:17–18). From His mother, He inherited mortality and became subject to hunger, thirst, fatigue, pain, and death.

            Christ is also referred to as the “only” begotten in a revelation to Moses — “mine Only Begotton Son, who is full of grace and truth, even is Jesus Christ” (Moses 6:52).

            Additionally there are numerous references to Christ as the Son of God: “therefore also that holy thing which shall be born of thee shall be called the Son of God” (Luke 1:26–27, 30–32, 35; see also 1 Nephi 11:16–21; Alma 7:10); “Thou art the Son of God” (Matt. 14:33); “the Son of the living God” (Matt 16:15-16); “thou art the Christ, the Son of God” (John 11:25, 27); “The Son of God cometh” (Helaman 14:2)

            God the Father refers to his Son as “his Beloved Son” on several occasions — at Christ’s baptism, “my beloved son,” (Matt. 3:17); at the Mount of Transfiguration, “my beloved son,” (Matt 17:5); at the appearance to Joseph Smith, “This is My Beloved Son. Hear Him!” (Joseph Smith — History 1:17)

Prince of Peace (Isaiah 9:6)

            Christ is the only reason we can truly live peacefully with God (Romans 5:1). In Him, death is overcome, sins are removed, gifts are given and in eternal life is promised.

            Not only can we live peacefully with God, but this peacefulness extends even further to include our daily turmoils in a world of challenges. Paul entreats us to “Let the peace of God rule in your hearts,” (Col. 3:15) and Matthew invites us to “Come unto me, all ye that labour and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest,” (Matt 11:28).

            How does peace prevail in a world of turmoil? It is not by the removal of turmoil that peace comes, but by choosing how to react to the commotion that comes our way. If an untimely death occurs, one can refrain from asking, “Why me? Why now? What is wrong? God, How could you?” and instead focus on the pleasant memories from their acquaintance, the understanding that they are in a better place, the peace of knowing that you will see them again in the resurrection, and the truth that no soul escapes time but it should view it as a temporary move to another apartment. — and the same with family/friend betrayals, loss of employment, declining health, and a myriad of other things that seem “unfair” but are part of an earthly experience that cause growth, vision, godliness and individual progress to take place.

            Perhaps one of the basic problems of “difficulties” is that most people do not understand their purpose on the earth. It is to obtain a body, to be tested away from a godly presence to see if we will keep his commandments, and to develop godly attributes and characteristics. None of these purposes are reflected with the worldly measurements of good health, wealth, friends, good looks, education, security and acceptance by others.

            “Let not your heart be troubled: ye believe in God, believe also in me. … I will not leave you comfortless: I will come to you. … Peace I leave with you, my peace I give unto you: not as the world giveth, give I unto you. Let not your heart be troubled, neither let it be afraid.” (John 14: 1, 18, 27)

Prophet (Matt. 21:11)

            A prophet is the mouthpiece of God on the earth. A prophet would speak the word of God, foretell events, perform healings and perform other miracles. Christ not only spoke the word of God (Heb 1:1-3), but he was the “Word of God” (John 1:1).

            Christ was declared to be a “prophet” on numerous occasions: “This is Jesus the prophet” (Matthew 21:11); “a great prophet is risen among us” (Luke 7:16); “Sir, I perceive that thou art a prophet” (John 4:19); “a prophet is not without honour, but in his own country, and among his own kin” (Mark 6:4); “and it shall be that every soul who does not listen to that prophet (Moses predicted god would raise up a prophet) shall be destroyed from the people” (Acts 3:23)

            Christ not only functioned as a prophet, but also as a priest and king. Normally these three functions are performed by three different people, but in the case of Christ, his role in saving humanity is wide as the magnitude of eternity. Luke described Christ as “Jesus of Nazareth, who was a prophet mighty in deed and word before God and all the people” (Luke 24:19).

Redeemer (Job 19:25)

            There are three personages before the organization of the earth; these personages are called God the first, the Creator; God the second, the Redeemer; and God the third, the witness or Testator. (Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith, p 190)

            What is a “redeemer?” – It is one who redeems or gains something in exchange for payment. Redeemer also has the meaning of one who compensates for the faults or bad aspects of something or someone. Christ is referred to as both a redeemer and a savior. A “savior” is a person who rescues or keeps one safe from harm or danger; also with the idea of keeping or storing something up for future use.

            How are God’s people redeemed? Through the Atonement of Jesus Christ.

            Is Christ the only one who can accomplish this? Yes – Christ alone can atone for mankind’s sins (Helaman 5:9) and bring him to a state of worthiness acceptable to enter into the presence of God. No other person can bring about the resurrection, nor erase another’s sins.

            In Christianity, Savior and Redeemer are synonymous. They refer to the Saving/Redeeming act by Jesus Christ of His atonement where, through his exhaustive suffering,  he brought about a universal resurrection to all mankind (Isaiah 49:26, 1 Nephi 10:5) and a conditional exaltation to the faithful. He voluntarily offered himself as a sacrifice for the sins of the world (John 1:29, 3 Nephi 27:13-14). His atonement was voluntary in the pre-earth existence (Abraham 3:24-27), and foretold by prophets prior to his birth (Hel. 5:9). He concluded his sacrifice successfully (D&C 19:16-19)

            How was he able to do this? President Hinckley describes how Christ could accomplish this: The Atonement is the sacrifice Jesus Christ made to help us overcome sin, adversity, and death. Jesus’s atoning sacrifice took place in the Garden of Gethsemane and on the cross at Calvary. He paid the price for our sins, took upon Himself death, and was resurrected. This is the redeeming power of the Atonement is as one turns to Christ and repent of their sins, He will forgive you and cleanse you and change your heart. Through his atonement, “just men are made perfect.” (D&C 76:69). It is the “greatest miracle in human history… nothing done before or since has so affected mankind as the atonement wrought by Jesus of Nazareth..” (Pres. Gordon B Hinckley, Apr 1994 general conference)

Rock (1 Cor. 10:4)

            Christ is the Rock: The Rock of ages, The stone of Israel, The sure foundation.

            There are numerous passages that refer to Christ as the rock: “Jesus Christ himself being the chief cornerstone” (Eph 2:20); “whosoever shall fall on this stone shall be broken” (Matt 21:44); ” or they drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them: and that Rock was Christ” (1 Cor 10:4); “There is none holy like the Lord; there is none beside you; there is no rock like our God.” (1 Sam. 2:2); “The Lord lives, and blessed be my rock, and exalted be the God of my salvation.” (Psalm 18:46); “He is my rock and my salvation” (Psalm 62:2); “Jesus Christ is the stone that was set at naught” (Acts 4:10-11); “Upon the rock of our Redeemer that we must build our foundation” (Hel. 5:12); “I am Messiah, the King of Zion, the Rock of Heaven” (Moses 7:53).

            Rock can also refer to revelation, by which God makes His gospel known to man (Matt. 16:15–18).

            Is Peter the rock in Matthew 16?

            No. The New Testament was originally written in the Greek, from which the Latin, English, and other versions were translated. If you study the Greek text you will find that the word Peter and the word Rock on which Christ was to build His church are two separate and distinct words, each having a different meaning. The word Peter in Greek is petros, which means “a piece of rock; a stone; a single stone; movable, insecure, shifting, or roll­ing.” The word rock is petra, which means “a rock; a cliff; a projecting rock; mother rock; huge mass; solid formation; fixed; immovable; enduring.” The word petros for Peter in the Greek is in the masculine gender and the word petra for the rock is in the feminine gender. Petros and petra are two distinct words in the Greek.

            “They drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them: and that Rock [petra, in the Greek] was Christ” (1 Corinthians 10:4). Here we have evidence that petra refers to Christ, and not to Peter, petros. Again we quote: “Jesus Christ Himself being the chief Cornerstone” (Ephesians 2:20) “He is the Rock, His work is perfect” (Deuteronomy 32:4; 2 Samuel 22:2-3) (2 Kings 22:2-3).

The names of Jesus Christ in the Old and New Testaments Part-4

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Light of the World (John 8:12)

            Light has always been a symbol of holiness, goodness, knowledge, wisdom, grace, hope, and God’s revelation. All of these descriptions reflect Jesus Christ’s life and mission.

            Man is given an invitation to walk in the light of the Lord – “Come, ye, and let us walk in the light of the Lord” (Isa. 2:5)

The “Light of the World” has four different meanings:

            1. It is defined as the life of man: John 1:4 – “In Him was life (everlasting); and the life was the light of men.”

            2. It is defined as the conscience which is one of the manifestations of the light of Christ: The light “which lighteth every man that cometh into the world” (John 1:9, D&C 84:46-47, Mormon 7:16, 18). This refers to the innate ability to distinguish good from evil which we commonly call conscience. This “light” proceeds forth from God through Christ and testifies of the divinity of Jesus Christ and influences people for good and prepares them to receive the Holy Ghost. It is also referred to as the spirit of the Lord, spirit of God, the breath of life, etc.

            3. It is defined as physical light (Gen 1:3). He is the divine energy that is in or is the light of the sun, moon, and stars and is the power thereof by which they and the earth were made. … Light from the sun warms and energizes the earth, making life possible (D&C 88:7-10)

            4. It is defined as spiritual light (1 John 1-7). Our salvation is made possible only through the merits, mercy, and grace of Jesus Christ (Acts 4:12). The doctrine of Christ (John 14:6) helps us understand that through His grace, we can learn the gospel, receive ordinances, and press forward on the path that leads to eternal life (John 3:14-15).

Living Water (John 4:10)

            Jesus offered the woman at the well “living water” but did not say he was the “living water.” He describes the living water as the Holy Ghost which was yet to come after his resurrection. (John 7:37-9, 20:22)

            The Holy Ghost can be manifested to men both as a power and as a gift. The power can come (temporarily) to testify before one is baptized but the gift (permanent) comes only after an authorized baptism. For some reason the Holy Ghost did not operate fully during the years of Jesus’ mortal ministry (John 16:7) but was operative in earlier dispensations (LDS Bible Dictionary “Holy Ghost”)

Lion of the Tribe of Judah (Rev 5:5)

            The Lion is a symbol of the tribe of Judah, which is known as the kingly tribe. David (1000 BCE) was of the tribe of Judah (1770 BCE) and was the second king of Israel but the first to unite it under a single monarch. Christ received this Davidic heritage through his step-father, Joseph (husband of Mary, Matthew 1) whose linage (biological) comes thru David’s son, Solomon. Mary’s lineage (levirate marriage-Eusebius) (Luke 3:23-28) comes thru David’s son, Nathan.

Lord of Lords (1 Tim. 6:15)

            A Lord (Greek, “kurion,” denotes a person of authority) is someone of nobility or authority. So Christ is the person of authority over all other Lords. God made “Jesus, who ye have crucified, both Lord and Christ.” (Acts 2:36)  The phrase “Lord” is found in the New Testament 80 times. A King is in charge of a kingdom and may have many lords in that kingdom.

            The term “Lord of Lords” refers to Christ’s dominant and supreme position over all lords, whatever their political or ethnic origin might be.

The names of Jesus Christ in the Old and New Testaments Part-3

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Immanuel (Matt 1:23)

            Immanuel is a Hebrew word meaning “God is with us.” It was used in the Book of Isaiah as a prophetic sign that God would protect the House of Israel. Isaiah 7:14 & 2 Nephi 17:14 — “Therefore the Lord himself shall give you a sign; Behold, a virgin shall conceive, and bear a son, and shall call his name Immanuel.” It only appears three times in the bible (Isaiah 7:14, 8:8 and Matthew 1:23. It is alluded to in Isaiah 8:10. In Greek, the word is transliterated (to spell something with a different alphabet) as “Emmanuel.”

Judge (Acts 10:42)

            A judge investigates and evaluates conduct, measuring human acts against applicable laws. All men will ultimately be judged by God (2 Nep. 9:15), the Father of all spirits, but the Apostle John indicated this judgement has been given to Christ (John 5:22). Christ will, in turn, call upon others to assist in the Judgement (twelve apostles-Matt 19:28; twelve disciples – Mormon 3:18-19).

            Men will be judged out of records kept on earth and the “book of life” which is kept in heaven (D&C 128:6-8). We will be judged by a record we keep of ourselves (Rom. 2:15) and by our thoughts, words and actions (Alma 12:14, Matt. 12:36-37, Alma 41:2-7) and our hearts (1 Sam. 16:7) and our desires (D&C 137:9). Through faithful discipleship, our sins will be forgiven and erased so we will not be held accountable for those articular acts (Mosiah 5:2).

            Men are judged and assigned a place in the various kingdoms which God has prepared for them (D&C 88:20-32).

King of Kings (1 Tim. 6:15)

            King of Kings refers to a monarch having other monarchs under him. He is considered to be the most important person in the entire kingdom.

            Jesus Christ is both the creator (John 1:3) and ruler of this earth and the rightful heir to all governmental powers associated with it. In the 6,000 years of the earth’s existence (when Adam and Eve left the Garden of Eden), many rulers have reigned over various kingdoms. At the current time, his kingdom is spiritual and somewhat invisible, but during the millennium it will come to full fruition and break down all other kingdoms, organizations and structures (Dan. 2:44).

            Christ’s delegated priesthood power to his servants throughout the earth’s history will also be returned to him just prior to his second coming in a valley in Missouri called Adam-ondi-Ahman (Bruce R McConkie, The Millennial Messiah, pp 578-88)

            In Judaism, Melech Malchei HaMelachim (“the King of Kings of Kings”) came to be used as a name of God. “King of Kings” (βασιλεὺς τῶν βασιλευόντων) is also used in reference to Jesus Christ several times in the Bible (First Epistle to Timothy and twice in the Book of Revelation).

            The first king in the bible was Saul (1050-1000 BCE) who was the first king of Israel. He was succeeded by his youngest son, Ishbaal who was killed, thus opening the way for David to be crowned King by decree of the Prophet Samuel. David is known as the second king of Israel, and his son, Solomon the third before the kingdom was split between the northern and southern kingdoms.

King of the Jews (Mark 15:12, 26)

            For generations, the Jews anticipated the arrival of their Messiah to throw down the kingdoms that afflicted them. It had been 1700 years since Judah was established as the Lion of the Lord, and 1000 years since David and Solomon established the United Kingdom of Israel. But except for very short periods, the Jews were captured, tortured, and trodden down by other nations. The Jews envisioned a political ruler not a spiritual leader (John 18:36) as Christ was when he came and thus, they rejected him as a nation. Interestingly, most who referred to him as “King of the Jews” were non-Jewish (John 19:2-3).

            He will become “King of the Jews” at his second coming (Acts 1:11) when he saves the Jewish nation from the destruction of Armageddon where he saves the city and destroys the opposing armies. (D&C 45:48, 51)

            It’s interesting that Judaism split into two major branches at the time of the destruction of the 2nd temple around 70 AD. Once branch believed the Messiah had come and became known as Christians. The other branch developed into Rabinic Judaism which includes most Jews today. They saw Christ as part of a long line of individuals who claimed to be the Messiah, but weren’t. This continues to be the dominant Jewish belief today.

Lamb of God (John 1:29)

            A sacrificial lamb is a metaphorical reference to a person or animal sacrificed for the common good. The term is derived from the traditions of Abrahamic religion where a lamb is a highly valued possession.  The person making the sacrifice hopes to make or mend a relationship with God. The symbolism is actually two-part: the person making the offer has a hope in Christ of a universal resurrection and a conditional forgiveness of sins; and the person being offered (Christ) is offering himself to be an unblemished substitute for men’s sins.

            By dying on the cross, Christ was thus sacrificing his own blood for the forgiveness of our sins. … Jesus represents the sacrificial lamb for mankind, as the Son of God.

            Adam and Eve, upon leaving the Garden of Eden, built an altar and made sacrifices to God. (Moses 5:4-16, 58-59).            One of the first recorded sacrifices that was done by a man to God was the account of Abel and Cain making sacrifices where Abel was murdered by his brother for making a sacrifice that was pleasing to God (Moses 5:29-41)

            Like in Abraham’s case, God indeed proceeded to provide us with His own Son’s blood through Jesus Christ’s death, to make atonement for our sins. The promise to mankind is “These are they who are just men made perfect through Jesus the mediator of the new covenant, who wrought out this perfect atonement through the shedding of his own blood.” (D&C 76:69)

            The sacrifice by the shedding of blood has been replaced by the sacrament. (3 Nephi 9:19-20)

Who is Jesus Christ? Part-1

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  • Who is this “Jesus Christ” of whom we sing so tenderly at Christmas time?
  • Perhaps in the musical adoration, we lose grasp of his magnitude.
  • Here is a list of 322. statements, largely by Christ himself, about himself.
  • How many can you read out loud (by yourself or with your children) before you begin to feel something different?
  • If you are a semi-Christian or a non-Christian, read through the list and tell me your thoughts.


1. I am He
2. I am the first, and I am also the last
3. I am God
4. I am a God of miracles
5. I am the same yesterday, today, and forever
6. I am the Lord their God
7. I am their Redeemer
8. I am not come to destroy, but to fulfill
9. I am even as the Father
10. the Father and I are one
11. I am he that gave the law (of Moses)
12. I am he who covenanted with my people Israel
13. I have come to fulfill the law (of Moses), therefore it hath an end
14. I am he; yea, I am he that comforteth you
15. mine eyes have seen the King, the Lord of Hosts
16. I am sent unto you from God
17. good cometh of none save it be of me
18. I am the same that leadeth men to do good
19. I am the Father
20. I am the light, and the life, and the truth of the world
21. I am he who was prepared from the foundation of the world to redeem my people
22. I am Jesus Christ.
23. I am the Father and the Son
24. In me all mankind have life, and that eternally
25. they shall become my sons and my daughters
26. I will boast of my God, for in his strength I can do all things
27. when will my creator sanctify me, that I may rest
28.  I am in the Father, and the Father in me
29. according to the holy order of God, which is Christ Jesus
30. I am Jesus Christ the Son of God
31. I created the heavens and the earth
32. I was with the Father from the beginning
33. in me hath the Father glorified his name
34. it shall come to pass that they shall know that I am the Lord their God
35. (I) am a jealous God
36. I am commanded of the Father to speak unto you at this time
37. I am Jesus Christ, the Son of God, and shall pray unto the Father in my name
38. in that day (second coming) they shall know that I am he that doth speak.
39. For I am the Lord, I change not
40. What will ye that I should do unto you, when I am gone unto the Father?
41. Behold, I am Jesus Christ, whom the prophets testified shall come into the world
42. I am the Lord thy God, whose waves roared; the Lord of Hosts is my name.
43. I am the Lord thy God, who hath brought thee out of the land of Egypt
44. I am the first and the last
45. I am he who liveth
46. I am he who was slain
47. I am your advocate with the father
48. That I am
49. that I am the true light that is in you
50. I am Jesus Christ, the Son of God
51. I am the life and the light of the world
52. I am Jesus Christ, the Son of God
53. I am the same that came unto mine own, and mine own received me not
54. I am the Light which shineth in darkness
55. I am Alpha and Omega, Christ the Lord
56. I am he, the beginning and the end
57. (I am) the Redeemer of the world
58. the Father and I are one
59. I am in the Father and the Father in me (…ye are in me and I in you)
60. I the Lord am with you, and will stand by you
61. I am the Son of the Living God
62. that I was, that I am, and that I am to come
63. I am the Lord
64. I am he who was lifted up
65. I am Jesus that was crucified
66. I am the Son of God
67. I am the good shepherd
68. (I am) the stone of Israel
69. I am not well pleased with many things
70. I am from above, and my power lieth beneath
71. I am over all, and in all, and through all
72. the day cometh that all things shall be subject unto me
73. I am in the Father, and the Father in me
74. And the Father and I are one
75. I am the Lord thy God
76. I am with him (Joseph Smith), as I was with Abraham
77. I am the same which have taken the Zion of Enoch into mine own bosom
78. I am Christ
79. I pleaded before the Father for them (as many as have believed in my name)
80. I am Jesus Christ, the Son of God, who was crucified
81. I am with you until I come
82. I come quickly
83. I am your Lord and your Redeemer
84. be still and know that I am God
85. I am the same which spake, and the world was made
86. mine eyes are upon you
87. I am in your midst
88. (be) even as I am …, be one
89. I am with you even unto the end
90. I am the Light which shineth in darkness
91. I am the same who came unto mine own and mine own received me not
92. And the day cometh that you shall hear my voice and see me, and know that I am.
93. Behold, I am Jesus Christ, the Son of God
94. I will lift them up at the last day
95. I am the true light that lighteth every man that cometh into the world
96. I am with the faithful always.
97. except thou do this, where I am you cannot come.
98. I am about to restore many things to the earth, pertaining to the priesthood, saith the Lord
99. I am the same that spake unto you from the beginning





The Resurrection

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Table of contents:

What is the resurrection?. 2

Who decides who will go to which kingdom? and what type of resurrected body they will have?. 2

What happens in the resurrection to those who are not capable of committing sin (little children, mentally diminished individuals)?. 2

What happens to those who did not have the opportunity to accept the gospel of Jesus Christ while they lived on earth?. 2

How is the resurrection made possible?. 2

Where does the body go after death while it is awaiting its resurrection?. 2

What happens in the spirit world while one is awaiting their resurrection?. 2

Who will be resurrected?. 2

What are the conditions of translated beings? And who has been “translated?”. 3

Will the resurrection be instantaneous during the millennium? At what age?. 3

Who will judge an individual for their resurrections? What criteria?. 3

Are all resurrected bodies the same? Are all raised to the same glory in the resurrection?. 3

Are all resurrected to a Kingdom of glory?. 3

Who administers the various Kingdoms of Glory?. 4

What types of people will be assigned to the various kingdoms?. 4

Once a person is assigned a kingdom, can they advance to a higher kingdom?. 4

Periods of resurrection. 4

When is The Resurrection of the Just and the Unjust and who are included?. 4

When are the morning, afternoon and evening of the First resurrection and who are included?. 5

When are the First and the last Resurrections and who is included?. 5

What abilities and attributes will those with resurrected bodies have?. 5

Are there individuals who have go one to their celestial glory prior to the end of our earth’s existence?. 5

In addition to mankind, will plants, animals, and even the earth itself be resurrected?. 5

Where will the “resurrected” earth be placed after it is “celestialized?. 5

What is the resurrection?

The Resurrection is the joining of the body and the spirit, never again to be separated. A resurrected person is no longer subject to disease nor death.

Who decides who will go to which kingdom? and what type of resurrected body they will have?

Jesus Christ is the Great Judge. (Alma 11:44)

God the Father delegated the keys of judgement to His Son, Jesus Christ. ref

What happens in the resurrection to those who are not capable of committing sin (little children, mentally diminished individuals)?

Little children who die before the age of accountability (age 8) and those with diminished capacities (age 8) ?? will automatically qualify for celestial resurrection and the celestial kingdom.

What happens to those who did not have the opportunity to accept the gospel of Jesus Christ while they lived on earth?

When an individual dies, their spirit departs from the body and goes to a world of spirits awaiting their resurrection.  In that world, they have their freedom of choice and will have the opportunity to hear and accept the teachings of Jesus Christ.

How is the resurrection made possible?

Christ provided the opportunity for all to be resurrected (Alma 40:2-3; 1 Cor 15:21-23)

Where does the body go after death while it is awaiting its resurrection?

To the Spirit world. 

What happens in the spirit world while one is awaiting their resurrection?

Brigham Young recounted, “Father Smith [Joseph Smith Sr.] and Carlos [Smith] and Brother [Edward] Partridge, yes, and every other good Saint, are just as busy in the spirit world as you and I are here. They can see us, but we cannot see them unless our eyes were opened. What are they doing there? They are preaching, preaching all the time, and preparing the way for us to hasten our work in building temples here and elsewhere.”     (Ref: Brigham Young, Discourses of Brigham Young, p 378).

Who will be resurrected?

All individuals who have ever lived or who will yet live on the earth will be resurrected. (see 1 Cor 15:22)

What are the conditions of translated beings? And who has been “translated?”

Some individuals are given a state of “translation” in which their bodies are not subject to death but will eventually be resurrected.

  • Moses (1500 BC) did not die but was “carried into heaven.” He was translated and did not go to the spirit world but was eventually resurrected at the first coming of Christ.
  • Elijah (850 BC), did not die but was “carried away in a whirlwind.” He was translated and eventually
  • John the Revelator did not die (96 AD) but was translated and continues to minister to men on the earth. He appeared to Joseph Smith in 1929 and assisted Peter & James in the restoration of the Melchizedek Priesthood
  • The Three Nephites (abt 33 AD) continue to minister to men on the earth and will eventually be resurrected.

Will the resurrection be instantaneous during the millennium? At what age?

During the millennium, there will be no death as we know it. People will live in harmony. They will eat, drink and wear clothing as we do now. (Brigham Young, Teachings of the Presidents of the Church: Brigham Young [1997], 333) When people have lived to an old age, they will be changed from mortality to an immortal condition instantaneously (“in the twinkling of an eye,”). There will be both celestial and terrestrial resurrected beings on the earth at the same time.

What is the “age of a tree?”

The age of a tree is that age at which people “die” in the millennium, that is they are changed from mortality to immortality. It’s called the “age of a tree” and is defined as one hundred years old (D&C 63:50-51).

Who will judge an individual for their resurrections? What criteria?

At the time of a person’s resurrection, they will be judged according to their works and have a bright recollection of their guilt (Alma 11:41, 43)

Criteria

  • works
  • thoughts
  • intents of heart

Are all resurrected bodies the same? Are all raised to the same glory in the resurrection?

No, they are resurrected with different bodies and abilities according to their righteousness. (1 Cor. 15:39-42; D&C 76)

Are all resurrected to a Kingdom of glory?

No, only the Celestial, Terrestrial and Telestial souls will be assigned to a Kingdom of Glory. Sons of Perdition are assigned to “outer darkness” which is a kingdom of glory

Are these kingdoms administered to by laws?

Yes, every one, for “unto every kingdom is given a law; and unto every law there are certain bounds also and conditions.” (D&C 88:38)

Who administers the various Kingdoms of Glory?

Celestial is administered by God the Father

Terrestrial is administered by Jesus with assistance from Celestial beings

Telestial is administered by the Holy Ghost

What types of people will be assigned to the various kingdoms?

Celestial Kingdom (sun): Godly people who obey the principles and ordinances of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints either on the earth or in the spirit world; all children who die before the age of 8; those of a diminished capacity who are not accountable for their actions

Terrestrial Kingdom (moon): Goodly people who reject the teachings of Jesus Christ

Telestial Kingdom (stars): Malicious, evil, contemptable people

Sons of Perdition (not a glory): Avid followers of Satan including rebellious pre-mortal spirits who were cast out of heaven; and those who deny the Son after the Father has revealed him (D&C 76:43)

Once a person is assigned a kingdom, can they advance to a higher kingdom?

No, never “worlds without end.” (D&C 76:112). Numerous prophets have repeated this same understanding. For example, Spencer W Kimball said, ““No progression between kingdoms. After a person has been assigned to his place in the kingdom, either in the Telestial, the Terrestrial, or the Celestial, or to his exaltation, he will never advance from his assigned glory to another glory.” (Ref:  Edward L. Kimball, ed., The Teachings of Spencer W. Kimball (Salt Lake City: Bookcraft, 1982), 50.)

Periods of resurrection

1- Christ was the first individual to be resurrected (33 AD). (Matt 28:1-8; Luke 24:1-48, 3 Nephi 11:10-17) and many other references) and is referred to as the “firstfruits of them that slept” (1 Cor 15:20)

2- Along with Christ, many graves were opened (33 AD) and celestial-bound souls were resurrected.

3- From that mass resurrection to modern days, only a few selected celestial souls have been resurrected and each with a specific mission to accomplish:

Peter and James (Christ’s original apostles) who ordained Joseph Smith to the Melchizedek Priesthood,

Moroni who appeared to Joseph Smith (22 times) and gave him instruction and assistance with the gold plates

4- There will be a mass resurrection of celestial souls when Christ returns to earth for his second coming

5- During the millennium, there will be both celestial and terrestrial souls resurrected, some of which may remain on the earth during that time period.

6- At the end of the millennium, there will be a mass resurrection of telestial souls

7- After all telestial souls are resurrected, the sons of perdition will receive their resurrection.

When is The Resurrection of the Just and the Unjust and who are included?

The Just started with Christ himself. At his resurrection there was a large number of celestials also resurrected. Between his resurrection and his second coming there have been a few individuals resurrected (i.e. Moroni). At his second coming there will be another large group of celestials resurrected (D&C 88:97-8; 1 Thess. 14:6)). During the millennium, there will be both celestials and terrestrials resurrected (in the twinkling of an eye).

The Unjust is at the end of the millennium and includes Telestial (D&C 88:101) and Sons of Perdition (D&C 88:102).

When are the morning, afternoon and evening of the First resurrection and who are included?

  • The morning: Those being resurrected with celestial bodies, whose destiny it is to inherit a celestial kingdom, will come forth in the morning of the first resurrection and caught up to meet the Lord at his Second Coming (Bruce R McConkie, Mormon Doctrine, p 640)
  • The afternoon: The afternoon takes place after our Lord has ushered in the millennium. These individuals will have telestial bodies (Bruce R McConkie, Mormon Doctrine, p 640)
  • The evening: xxx

When are the First and the last Resurrections and who is included?

The first commenced with Christ and goes through the completion of the millennium. The Last resurrection is that of unrepentant sinners (Rev 20:5-13) at the end of the millennium, the resurrection of the telestial (who didn’t repent of their sins throughout the millennium and have to answer to the law of justice for their deeds) and sons of perdition.

What abilities and attributes will those with resurrected bodies have?

We only have descriptions of those of a celestial resurrection, whose glory will be like the Sun. Those in the top degree of that kingdom will have the ability to create spiritual offspring.

Spencer W Kimball has said, “Each one of you has it within the realm of his possibility to develop a kingdom over which you will preside as its king and god. You will need to develop yourself and grow in ability and power and worthiness, to govern such a world with all of its people.”

            Ref: … The Matter of Marriage” [address delivered at University of Utah Institute of Religion, 22 Oct. 1976], 2).

Have there been other earths that have already been resurrected?

Yes.

Bruce R McConkie has said, “Just as the creative and redemptive powers of Christ extend to the earth and all things thereon, as also to the infinite expanse of worlds in immensity, so the power of the resurrection is universal in scope. Man, the earth, and all life thereon will come forth in the resurrection. And the resurrection applies to and is going on in other worlds and other galaxies.”

            (Ref: Mormon Doctrine, Bookcraft, 1966, pp. 65, 642.)

Are there individuals who have go one to their celestial glory prior to the end of our earth’s existence?

  • Abraham “hath entered into his exaltation and sitteth upon his throne.” (D&C 132:29-30).
  • Isaac and Jacob “they have entered into their exaltation, according to the promises, and sit upon thrones, and are not angels but are gods.” (D&C 132:37

In addition to mankind, will plants, animals, and even the earth itself be resurrected?

Yes. Animals have spirits and will be resurrected (D&C 77).

The earth was “baptized” in the days of Noah, will be “confirmed” with burning at the second coming of Christ, and will be resurrected and be prepared for it’s celestial glory (D&C 88:17-20)

Where will the “resurrected” earth be placed after it is “celestialized?

The celestialized earth will “dwell in the presence of God and his Christ forever and ever.” (D&C 76:62)

References

-Chapter 32: The Resurrection and the Judgement

https://abn.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/manual/doctrines-of-the-gospel/chapter-32?lang=eng&adobe_mc_ref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.churchofjesuschrist.org%2Fstudy%2Fmanual%2Fdoctrines-of-the-gospel%2Fchapter-32%3Flang%3Deng&adobe_mc_sdid=SDID%3D494237AA255B8C38-62A1129B29146EEA%7CMCORGID%3D66C5485451E56AAE0A490D45%2540AdobeOrg%7CTS%3D1642475253

Signs of the times 3

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Sign 77. The gospel will flourish in Egypt and a temple will be built there

          Isaiah prophesied of this temple, “In that day [the last days] shall there be an altar [temple] to the Lord in the midst of the land of Egypt…

          And the Lord shall smite Egypt; he shall smite and heal it and they shall return even to the Lord…(Isaiah 19:19, 22)

Sign 90. A great hailstorm will destroy the crops of the earth

          “And there shall be a great hailstorm sent forth to destroy the crops of the earth” (D&C 29:16) during a time when the wickedly shall be burned as stubble, sun darkened, moon turned to blood, stars fall from heaven (D&C 29: 9, 14).

          “And there fell upon men a great hailstorm out of heaven” (Rev. 16:21)

          The size of the hailstones are not necessarily 75 pounds (a talent) since measurements in the Old Testament are not the same as in the New Testament.

Sign 91. There will be a great earthquake such as never before

          (after the seventh angel poured out his vial into the air) … “And there were voices, and thunders, and lightnings; and there was a great earthquake, such as was not since men were upon the earth,…” (Rev. 16:18)

          “And I beheld when he had opened the sixth seal, and lo, there was a great earthquake; and the sun became black… and the moon became as blood (probably the color red such as dust clouds or air pollution).” (Rev. 6:12)

Sign 92. Waters will flow from the Temple in Jerusalem and heal the Dead Sea

          Ezekiel (622 BCE) prophesied about the future temple in Jerusalem in the last days (Ezekiel chapters 40-46), he foretold that water would flow “out from under the threshold of the House [the temple] eastward [and] into the sea [the Dead Sea] …the waters shall be healed. (Ref: Ezekiel 47:1, 8)

          Joseph Smith referred to Ezekiel’s prophecy and said, “Judah must return, Jerusalem must be rebuilt, and the temple, and water come out from under the temple, and the waters of the Dead Sea be healed … and all this must be done before the Son of Man will make His appearance.” (Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith, 286).

          David J Ridges writes that … “The institute of religion’s Old Testament Student Manual, 1 Kings through Malachi (Religion 302, 1981), suggests a possibility for the fulfilling of this prophecy. The waters issuing forth from under the temple and the healing of the Dead Sea may occur when the Lord himself sets foot upon the Mount of Olives, casing this mountain to divide in two and create a large valley. (See Zechariah 14:4; D&C 133:20-24)

Sign 93. The Battle of Armageddon

          There will be a tremendous battle against the Jews in the Holy Land (Rev. 16:14-16) with an unprecedented siege against Jerusalem. All nations of the earth will be involved, either for or against the Jews. There are no references as to which modern nations will be for and which will be against the Jews. At the coming of Christ, “all nations” will be gathered against Jerusalem (Zech. 12:3). This battle is called Armageddon (Zechariah chapters 11-14) although the term “Battle of Armageddon” does not appear in the scriptures. There will also be another war at the end of the millennium called the war of Gog and Magog (Joseph Fielding Smith, Doctrines of Salvation, 3:45). Gog and Magog are historical kingdoms from the time of Noah (1 Chronicles 5:4; Rev. 20:7-8) that represent plunder and destruction.

          The battle of Armageddon will take place because the whole world is wallowing in wickedness. Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Daniel, Zechariah, John, Joseph Smith, and others have all talked about the battle and the events associated with it. It will take place over several years (the siege itself against Jerusalem is 42 months). A third of mankind will be killed (although this may be symbolic for “many.” (Revelations 9:15-18)

          Armageddon is known today as Megiddo. It is in the western portion of the plain of Esdraelon, 50 miles north of Jerusalem (LDS Bible Dictionary, “Armageddon”). This plain is a rich, fertile plain, often called Israel’s breadbasket; the city at the entrance is called Megiddo (now called Tell el-Mutesellim). Gog is symbolic for the leader(s) of a great evil power that will rise in the later days (“great and abominable church,” “the church of the devil,” “the mother of abominations.”) which is a great combination of organizations serving Satan.

          This army against the Jews would be the greatest army in the history of the world. They will be highly disciplined and virtually invincible (Joel 2:7-9). They will number 200 million (mm) which must include numerous support elements or the number might be figurative and represent “large, massive, huge.” The largest active armies in world today are China (2mm), India (1.5mm), US (1.4mm), Korea (1.3mm), Russia (1mm); best equipped army is the US (military budget 3x that of China). Armies including active, reserve and paramilitary: Vietnam (10mm), North Korea (8mm), South Korea (6mm), India (5mm), China (4mm), Russia (3mm), US (2mm) (Ref: Wikipedia – List of countries by number of military and paramilitary personnel)

          A plague will eventually strike the army and only 1/6th will survive (Ezekiel 39:2). Israel will be able to live off the spoils left behind for 7 years (Ezekiel 39:8-10) and it will take seven months to bury the dead (Ezekiel 39:11-16) and 7 years to burn the weapons of war.

          Jerusalem will be protected by 2 prophets (members of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles – Bruce R McConkie, Doctrinal New Testament Commentary, 3:509) who will protect the city with fire like Elijah and plagues like Moses during the 42 month siege but who will eventually be killed and brought back to life. They will perform miracles in the name of the Lord. As Zechariah prophesied, “And in that day [second coming] shall the Lord defend the inhabitants of Jerusalem,” (Zechariah 12:8).

Signs of the times 2

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Sign 94. The meeting at Adam-ondi-Ahman

          This grand meeting will be the first of three appearances of the Lord in the “second coming.” The other two are his appearance and saving the beleaguered Jews at the culmination of the Battle of Armageddon; and the third will be his general appearance to all mankind at his coming in glory. (Bruce R McConkie, The Millennial Messiah (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 1982) 578-9)        

          It is the valley where the Savior appeared to Adam (age 927, died at 930) and his posterity (D&C 107:53-57) 5000 years ago. Adam gathered his people and blessed them and “wanted to bring them into the presence of God.” (Joseph Fielding Smith, Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith [Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 1976] 159). Elder Benson said that the blessings Adam gave his righteous posterity were temple blessings. (Ezra Taft Benson, “What I Hope You Will Teach Your Children About the Temple,” Ensign, Aug 1985, p 90)

          Adam will meet again with his posterity and the Savior prior to the Savior’s grand second coming (D&C 116 & Daniel 7:9-14). Adam will gather his righteous posterity, Christ will come, and those present will turn their keys over to Christ who will use them to usher in the millennium and govern the world. “Adam delivers up his stewardship to Christ, that which was delivered to him as holding the keys of the universe, but retains his standing as head of the human family.” (Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith, 157). The City of Enoch will be in attendance. (Neal A Maxwell, Even As I Am [Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 1982] 121)

          Elder McConkie describes it as a secret meeting to members of the church. Christ will come in private to his prophet and to the apostles then living. Those who have had priesthood keys in all ages will be present including Moroni, Elias, John the Baptist, Elijah, Abraham Isaac, Jacob, Joseph (who was sold into Egypt), Peter, James and John and others. All faithful members of the church then living and all faithful saints from ages past will be present. It will be a sacrament meeting, a grand council at Adam-ondi-Ahman. (Bruce R McConkie, The Millennial Messiah: The Second Coming of the Son of Man [Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 1982] 578, 587-88). “All who have held the keys of priesthood will then have to give an account to those from whom they received them.” (John Taylor, The Gospel Kingdom [Salt Lake City: Bookcraft, 1943] 217)

          “When this gathering is held, the world will not know of it; the members of the church at large will not know of it.” (Joseph Fielding Smith, The Way to Perfection [Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 1970] 289-91)

          The Lord told Joseph that his name for Spring Hill was Adam-ondi-Ahman (D&C 116). Orson Pratt said this name means “valley of God, where Adam dwelt” in “the original language spoken by Adam (Orson Pratt, Journal of Discourses, 18:343) and “the place or land of God where Adam dwelt” (Bruce R McConkie, Mormon Doctrine [Salt Lake City: Bookcraft, 1966] 19.). It is the place where “where Adam shall come to visit his people.” (D&C 116). Ahman is the name of God in the pure language and Son Ahman refers to Jesus Christ (D&C 78:20)       

          Adam-ondi-Ahman is located in northwest Missouri, in Daviess County, about 70 miles north of Independence. The Grand River runs through the property. In Joseph Smith’s time, it was referred to as “Spring Hill.” Today, 3500+ acres of land are owned by the church and maintained as a historic site and is largely undeveloped farmland, some of which is leased to local farmers to cultivate. Missionaries are called to preserve and improve the site, but not as proselyting missionaries. There was an old Nephite altar on Tower Hill and the altar where Adam offered sacrifice on Spring Hill, both above the valley itself. (John Taylor, Meditation and Atonement (Salt Lake City: Deseret News, 1979) 69-70; and Orson F Whitney, Life of Heber C Kimball [Salt Lake City: Bookcraft, 1973] 209-10)

(author’s notes:

1- Randall Bird wrote a very informative and useful book entitled Adam-ondi-Ahman and the Last Days (Springville, UT: Cedar Fort, 2011) which provides much detail about Adam-ondi-Ahman.)

2- This wonderous event could possibly be similar to a solemn assembly where a new prophet is sustained, voted on by quorums and other groups, which is broadcast to stakes around the world. The meeting is not open to the general public but controlled by individual recommend/invitation.

Sign 95. Two prophets will be killed in Jerusalem

          During the last days, before the Savior’s second coming, two latter-day prophets (Rev 11:3; D&C 77:15) will minister to the Jews in Jerusalem for a period of 42 months (3 1/2 years) after which time they will be killed. Their bodies will lay in the streets for 3 1/2 days (Rev 11:9), during which the people in Jerusalem and the throughout the world will celebrate their deaths (Rev 11:10). After the 3 1/2 days, the two prophets will be resurrected (Rev 11:11) and the forces of Satan in the Battle of Armageddon will be defeated by the coming of the Savior to Jerusalem. Revelation refers to them as “witnesses” (Rev 11:3) whereas the Doctrine and Covenants refers to them as “prophets.” (D&C 77:15)

          Jerusalem will be protected by two prophets who are members of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Bruce R McConkie, Doctrinal New Testament Commentary, 3:509) who will protect the city with fire like Elijah and plagues like Moses during the 42 month siege but who will eventually be killed and brought back to life. These prophets are “to” the Jewish nation in the last days (D&C 77:15). (Author’s note: “to” and not “of” the Jewish nation).

          They will perform miracles in the name of the Lord. As Zechariah prophesied, “And in that day [second coming] shall the Lord defend the inhabitants of Jerusalem,” (Zechariah 12:8). Fire will proceed out of their mouths (Rev 11:5) and they will have power to shut heaven that it rain not and power over waters to turn them to blood and smite the earth with plagues (Rev 11:6).

Sign 96. The Mount of Olives will split in two

          In the last days, when the Jews are engaged in an unprecedented battle for survival as many nations of the world lay siege to Jerusalem (Battle of Armageddon), and Jerusalem is about to be over-run and destroyed, the Savior will set foot on the Mount of Olives which is located just outside of Jerusalem. Christ will be attended by a host from heaven (Charles W. Penrose, “The Second Advent,” Millennial Star, 10 Sep 1859, 583)

          The Lord will set his foot on the Mount and it shall divide into two, and the earth shall tremble and the heavens shall shake (D&C 45:48; Zechariah 14:4). Numerous Jews will flee into the newly created valley (Zechariah 14:5) to escape the wrath of their persecutors.

          The Mount refers to a mile-long ridge located east of the Old City. It parallels the eastern part of Jerusalem. It gets its name from the olive groves that at one time covered the land. It rises to 810 meters, overlooking Jerusalem from the east. It is one kilometer from the old city which has an altitude of 750 meters.

          Jesus visited the Mount of Olives three times during his ministry. 1- He went to the Mount early in the morning and then to the temple (John 8:1-2); 2-He came down the Mount of Olives on a donkey and entered Jerusalem for his last week (Luke 19:28-39); 3- He went to the Garden of Gethsemane (on the Mount of Olives) with his disciples and suffered for the sins of mankind. (Mark 14:32-42, Luke 22:44)

Sign 97. The sign of the coming of the Son of Man

          We do not know what this sign is, but we know clearly of its existence. We’ll have to wait for further prophetic insights to identify it; however it all people will see it together (D&C 88:93)

          Matthew describes this sign in Matthew 24: 29-31:

          29 Immediately after the tribulation of those days shall the sun be darkened, and the moon shall not give her light, and the stars shall fall from heaven, and the powers of the heavens shall be shaken:

          30 And then shall appear the sign of the Son of man in heaven: and then shall all the tribes of the earth mourn, and they shall see the Son of man coming in the clouds of heaven with power and great glory.

          31 And he shall send his angels with a great sound of a trumpet, and they shall gather together his elect from the four winds, from one end of heaven to the other.

          This event is also referred to in Joseph Smith–Matthew 1:31-36 and D&C 88:90-93 but there is no indication what the sign is. Although we do not know what it is, it will be seen by all people (“all people shall see it together,” D&C 88:93).

          Joseph Smith explains “There will be wars and rumors of wars, signs in the heavens above and on the earth beneath, the sun turned into darkness and the moon to blood, earthquakes in divers places, the seas heaving beyond their bounds; then will appear one grand sign of the Son of Man in heaven. But what will the world do? They will say it is a planet, a comet, etc. But the Son of man will come as the sign of the coming of the Son of Man, which will be as the light of the morning cometh out of the east” (Joseph Smith, Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith, 286–87).

          “The devil knows many signs, but does not know the sign of the Son of Man, or Jesus” (Joseph Smith, History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 4:608)

Sign 44. The righteous wise will have extra oil for their lamps (also being fulfilled)

          This is being fulfilled as active, righteous faithful members fulfill their duties in the church, but the ultimate fulfillment will be when the five wise virgins (Matthew 25:3-4) who took oil with them (oil besides that which was already in their lamps) and are “caught up to meet him” (D&C 88:96). All ten virgins who were awaiting his coming, had oil, but half ran out and only half were invited to participate with him in his coming.

          What adds “extra oil?” — attending church, accepting and fulfiling callings, personal scripture study, reading conference talks & church magazines, prayer, paying tithes and offerings, temple attendance and honesty and integrity in our personal lives.

Sign 48. Additional scriptures will be published (also already fulfilled)

          This is largely fulfilled thru the revealing of the Book of Mormon (Ezekiel 37:15-20 & 2 Nephi 27:6), Doctrine & Covenants (D&C 104:58-9), Pearl of Great Price and the proclamations of the Church. However, eventually other scriptures will also be revealed such as the sealed portion of the Book of Mormon (Elder McConkie said it will be translated during the millennium – Bruce R. McConkie, “The Bible, a Sealed Book,” Supplement, A Symposium on the New Testament, 1984; in Teaching Seminary: Preservice Readings [2004]), the prophetic records the lost 10 tribes will bring back (2 Nephi 29:13) and other things the Lord might see fit to reveal.

Sign 71. Some will fear that Christ’s coming is being delayed too long

          “And in that day [gathering of Jerusalem] … they shall say that Christ delayeth his coming until the end of the earth” (D&C 45:26) but the promise is clear that the “saints that are upon the earth, who are alive, shall be quickened and be caught up to meet him.” (D&C 88:96). The exact time of his coming is unknown to man, but the time is “fixed and certain… The Millennium will not be ushered in prematurely because men turn to righteousness, nor will it be delayed because iniquity abounds … [Jesus Christ] knows the set time and so does his Father” (Bruce R McConkie, The Millennial Messiah: The Second Coming of the Son of Man [1982], 26-27)

Sign 74. New Jerusalem will be built

          Before the Second coming, the city of New Jerusalem will be built (at least in part) in Independence, Jackson, Missouri (Moses 7:62). This “Holy City” (“city of Zion” – D&C 57:2) will continue on into the millennium serving as one of two capitals of the Savior during the Millennium. (The other capital is the old Jerusalem.) The New Jerusalem will be the political capital of the Savior, the Old Jerusalem will be the spiritual capital of the Savior. “Out of Zion shall go forth the [political] law and the [spiritual] word of the Lord from Jerusalem (Harold B Lee, Improvement Era, Oct 1945, p 564). Each will be made holy with temples (Joseph Fielding Smith, Doctrines of Salvation, Vol 3, pp 66-72; also D&C 84:4)

          The Translated City of Enoch will be there – “Then shalt thou [Enoch] and all thy city meet them there [Zion, the new Jerusalem] (Moses 7:62-4).

          The “lost 10 tribes” will go to Zion (the New Jerusalem – Orson Pratt, Journal of Discourses, 18:68) to receive their blessings from Ephraim and eventually they will receive their land inheritance when they go to Jerusalem (Orson Pratt, Journal of Discourses, 18:68)

          It will be a place of safety, glory of the Lord there, those who will not fight against their neighbor, the only people that shall not be at war with one another (D&C 45:66-69)

          A magnificent temple is contemplated for the City of New Jerusalem. The Temple Lot site was dedicated Aug 3, 1831 by Joseph Smith with seven other church leaders. It is currently owned by several entities – the 2.5 acre section by the Church of Christ (Temple Lot) and the Community of Christ Church which owns most of the 63 acres (the greater Temple Lot) originally purchased by Bishop Partridge. The plans for the temple were revealed to Joseph Smith in 1833, and featured 24 temples in a complex in the center of the city.

Sign 76. A temple will be built in (old) Jerusalem

          Joseph Smith said, “Jerusalem must be rebuilt, and the temple… all this must be done before the Son of Man will make His appearance.” (Ref: Joseph Smith, Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith, by Joseph Fielding Smith (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 1976), 286). The first temple was Solomons built on the Temple Mount about 957 BC but destroyed in 586 BC; rebuilt on the Temple Mount by Cyrus/Darius 538-515 BC; expanded under Herod’s reign and known as Herod’s Temple; destroyed by the Romans in 70 AD)

          “Temples and temple ordinances are essential… in the latter times… a temple in Jerusalem which will be used for ordinance work after the gathering of Israel from their long dispersion…” (Ref: Joseph Fielding Smith, Doctrines of Salvation, 2:244)

          “The temple in Jerusalem will not be built by Jews who have assembled there for political purposes as at present… But it will be built by Jews who have come unto Christ, who once again are in the true fold of their ancient Shepherd, and who have learned anew about temples because they know that Elijah did come…” (Ref: Bruce R. McConkie, The Millennial Messiah, pp. 279-280.

          There is plenty of room on the “Temple Mount” for both the Muslim’s Dome of the Rock and a new/re-built temple. The church has said many times that it will not be the Jerusalem Center which is designated as an education center by the church and the Israeli government.

Similar things in the pre-earth existence, earth, spirit world and resurrection

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Notice the similarities of things in the pre-earth existence, our current earth-life, the spirit world and Resurrection

Note: this is not complete, it is a work in progress, the references refer to the index for the SW quotes

Free agency

1. pre-earth

a. This is a law (law of free agency) which has always existed from all eternity, and will continue to exist throughout all the eternities to come. Every intelligent being must have the power of choice. (Brigham Young, BY21)

b. He (man) possessed it (free agency) in the heaven of heavens before the world was, and the Lord maintained and defended it there against the aggression of Lucifer. … By virtue of this agency you and I and all mankind are made responsible beings… (Wilford Woodruff, WW1)

2. earth

a. God has given to all men an agency and has granted to us the privilege to serve him or serve him not. … But he will hold us strictly to an account for the use that we make of this agency… (Joseph F. Smith, JFS4)

b. . Freedom of choice is more to be treasured than any possession earth can give…. Only to the human being did the Creator say, ‘… thou mayest choose for thyself, for it is given unto thee;’ … Without this divine power to choose, humanity cannot progress. (David O. McKay, DOM9)

c. They perhaps might have been faithful if they had exercised the agency which God gave them.  But how easily are mankind toppled first this way, then that way; and are led astray, even after the heavens were opened (dedication of Kirtland Temple) and chariots and horses of fire as well as angels were seen; still many of those brethren apostatized. (Orson Pratt, OP30)

d. He wants us to choose to return to Him. He will not, He does not force us in any way. (Russell M. Nelson, RMN2(

3. spirit world

a. … they (in spirit prison) will be left to their own agency, either to receive or reject these glad tidings … (Orson Pratt, OP18)

b. God gave man his agency from the beginning (including the spirit world). (D. Todd Christofferson, DTC1)

4. resurrection (celestial kingdom)

Priesthood/gospel activity

1. pre-earth

a. Every man who has a calling to minister to the inhabitants of the world was ordained to that very purpose in the Grand Council of heaven before this world was. (Joseph Smith, JS8)

b. Even before they [the prophets] were born, they, with many others, received their first lessons in the world of spirits (D&C 138:56)

c. The spirits of men were not equal (in the pre-earth existence)…but the right of free agency which was given to them enabled some to outstrip others, and thus, through the eons of immortal existence, to become more intelligent, more faithful… (Joseph fielding Smith, JFieldS5)

d. The Priesthood was first given to Adam; he obtained the First Presidency, and held the keys of it from generation to generation.  He obtained it in the Creation, before the world was formed … (Joseph Smith, JS39)

e. Joseph Smith, Junior, was ordained to this great calling before the worlds were. (Brigham Young, BY59)

2. earth

a. … therefore God conversed with men (on the earth), and made known unto them the plan of redemption, which had been prepared from the foundation of the world; (Alma 12:30)

b. Who instructed (Joseph Smith) in the mysteries of the Kingdom, and in all things pertaining to Priesthood, law, philosophy, sacred architecture, ordinances, sealings, anointings, baptisms for the dead, and in the mysteries of the first, second, and third heavens, many of which are unlawful to utter? Angels and spirits from the eternal worlds. (Parley P. Pratt, PPP20)

c. … and that through the operation and co-operation of the heavenly priesthood and the earthly priesthood, … a kingdom established that the will of God may be done upon the earth as it is done in heaven. (John Taylor, JT15)

3. spirit world

a. They are organized according to priesthood order in family organizations as we are here; only there they exist in a more perfect order. (Ezra Taft Benson, ETB5)

b. The same Priesthood exists on the other side of the vail. Every man who is faithful in his quorum here will join his quorum there. (Wilford Woodruff, WW3)

4. resurrection (celestial kingdom)

a. This earth, in its sanctified and immortal state, will be made like unto crystal and will be a Urim and Thummim to the inhabitants who dwell thereon, whereby all things pertaining to an inferior kingdom (and) things pertaining to a higher order of kingdoms will be made known (D&C 130:9, 10)

b. … in accordance with the Temples that exist in yonder heaven. (Orson Pratt, OP9)

Man, animal life and plants

1. pre-earth

a.  … then man, animals and plants were not created in the spirit at the time of the creation of the earth, but long before. (Bruce R. McConkie, BRM3)

b. the spirits of mankind and all other creatures were in a perfect form in the spirit world (prior to the creation of the earth) (Joseph Fielding Smith, JFieldS15)

c. Thy spirit, filled with joy and thanksgiving, rejoiced in thy Father, and rendered praise to His holy name, and the (pre-earth) spirit world resounded in anthems of praise to the Father of spirits.  Thou bade father, mother and all farewell … (John Taylor, JT12)

d. …beings that dwelt in eternal light before we came here … (John Taylor, JT26)

e. … they (spirits) had previously been acquainted with every nook and corner … (Brigham Young, BY22)

f. We lived as spirit children-individual, intelligent sons and daughters of God-before our mortal birth. (Boyd K Packer, BKP30)

2. earth

a. God who formed it and established its mineral, vegetable, and animal kingdoms.  (Brigham Young, BY86)

b. … but at the present time it (the earth) is a dark, little speck in space. (Brigham Young, BY88)

c. . God created the earth as an organized sphere; but He certainly did not create, in the sense of bringing into primal existence, the ultimate elements of the materials of which the earth consists … (FP3)

3. spirit world

4. resurrection (celestial kingdom)

a.  John also saw resurrected beasts in heaven, and the revelation specifically says they were “individual beasts … in their destined order or sphere of creation, in the enjoyment of their eternal felicity.” … they were seen and heard by John praising and glorifying God (Bruce R. McConkie, BRM10)

b. John saw beings there of a thousand forms, that had been saved from ten thousand times ten thousand earths like this, strange beasts of which we have no conception; all might be seen in heaven. (Joseph Smith, JS31)

c. When that time comes (earth celestialized), all those people upon the face of the earth who have lived a terrestrial law and been privileged to stay upon the face of the earth, will have to move out. (Joseph Fielding Smith, JFieldS24)

d. In the resurrection, men who have been faithful and diligent in all things in the flesh, have kept their first and second estate, and [are] worthy to be crowned Gods, even the sons of God, will be ordained to organize matter. (Brigham Young, BY76)

e. These (mineral, vegetable, and animal kingdoms) will all be retained upon the earth, come forth in the resurrection, and abide forever and ever. (Brigham Young, BY86)

f. … worlds will continue to be made, formed, and organized, and messengers from this earth will be sent to others. (Brigham Young, BY87)

g. When this is dissolved (body), and we again obtain our bodies by the power of the resurrection, … the food we eat and the water we drink, will be supplanted by another element; for flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God. (Brigham Young, BY90)

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